The Debate Of Rehabilitation Vs. Reparation - 948 Words

A common dilemma in the United States prison system is the debate of rehabilitation vs. reparation. Reparation involves strictly punishing the prisoner for their crime. On the other hand, rehabilitation aims to â€Å"fix† the prisoner for a potential eventual return to society. Ethically, reform makes more sense than reparation, as it aims to make the prisoner more useful to society, while increasing the overall safety of the society. A strong rehabilitation program would additionally cut down the number of repeat offenders, which is financially responsible as it is very expensive to keep a prisoner behind bars. One of the most effective methods of reforming prisoners is continuing their education. Furthering the education of prisoners helps to improve their quality of life upon release, and proves to be fiscally responsible as it cuts down recidivism rates. The United States is the worldwide leader in total prison population, with 2,217,947 imprisoned people. China, the next closest country, has 1,649,804 imprisoned people. This statistic becomes even more startling when the total populations of the United States and China are compared. The United States is home to about 318.9 million people, while China is home to 1.357 billion people. Around .1% of the population of China is in prison, while nearly .7% of the United States population is in prison. As of 2010, keeping someone in prison for a year cost about $31,000. Therefore, keeping each of the 2,217,947Show MoreRelated Criminal Justice vs. Community Justice Essay1403 Words   |  6 PagesCriminal Justice vs. Community Justice Crime is defined as an act or omission that the law makes punishable. There are different ways in dealing with crime. One, our current system, is the criminal justice approach. Also known as retributive justice, this system is more offender directed than anything else. The other system, which many people think is better, is the community justice, or restorative approach. The restorative approach is much more victim oriented. There is a debate over which systemRead MoreModern History.Hsc.2012 Essay25799 Words   |  104 Pagesfrom Arkansas) turned into agricultural migrants, traveling from farm to farm picking crops at starvation wages. Most headed west, to California, especially, where they were often not welcomed / discriminated against, etc Competiton for jobs / old vs young Because of the oversupply of workers looking for work, any jobs that did go, went to younger workers. â€Å"Gradually those over forty, though physically fit, began to feel old and look and act poor†. (McIlvaine) Women Agony of being unable to

The Process of Project Management Essay - 1831 Words

A project is a temporary activity undertaken to produce a unique product, service or result. This activity called project, has three clearly defined components to it, namely Time: A definitive start and end date. Cost: A definitive budget for the activity to take place. Scope: Magnitude of work including the deliverable and/or goals that has to be accomplished. On the other hand, project management is a practice of applying knowledge, skills, tools and techniques to the project activities to achieve the project requirements effectively and efficiently (Heagney, 2012; Project Management Institute , 2008). A project manager is one who practises this project management.The project management, while accomplishing the project, undergoes†¦show more content†¦Here, the problem that a project would set out to solve, is defined at a broadest sense. Problem in this context, is not meant in a negative sense but a business case that would provide a reasoning for initializing a project. The project manager, project team and the project board are appointed in this phase. The project board consists of representatives from each of the stakeholder’s groups. They form an authoritative body looking after the project (Project Management Institute , 2008). Planning: Planning phase gives a clearer view of what is to be done in a project. It involves planning for scope, time, cost, risk, quality, communication, human resources and procurements. This planning should be carried out by the project manager with the help of the whole project team and suppliers. In other words, the people who do the work should help plan it (Heagney, 2012). In this phase, first, the scope is analysed completely. For which, the project manager conducts interviews to understand and document the stakeholders’ needs. After that, with the help of the project team, the project manager documents the detailed description of the product or service including the magnitude of work and all the deliverables, the project sets out to produce and, the strategy with which it is going be proceeded.Show MoreRelatedProject Management : Management Process770 Words   |  4 PagesProject management is a procedure to arranging and directing project methodologies from beginning to end. Project managers should be able to meet scope, time, expense, and quality objectives of activities, also they ought to encourage the whole methodology to address the needs and desires of individuals included in the project. It is a job to manage project’s goals, timeline and budget clearly. Project management process have these key components. †¢ Integration Management †¢ Scope Management †¢ TimeRead MoreProject Management Process3879 Words   |  16 PagesProjects are composed of process. A process is â€Å"a series of action bringing about a result†. Project processes are performed by people and generally fall into one of two major categories: 1. Project management processes are concerned with describing and organizing the work of the project. 2. Product-oriented processes are concerned with specifying and creating the project product. These processes are known as project life cycle. It is important to note that many of the processes within projectRead MoreThe Project Management Process Groups927 Words   |  4 PagesChapter 3: The Project Management Process Groups: A Case Study Learning Objectives o Describe the five project management (PM) process groups, the typical level of activity for each, and the interactions among them. o Understand how the project management process groups relate to the project management knowledge areas. o Discuss how organizations develop IT project management methodologies to meet their needs. Learning Objectives (Cont.) o Review a case study of an organization applyingRead MoreProject Management And Control Process1473 Words   |  6 Pages1. Explain how the project management and control process occurs throughout the project lifecycle. When does it begin and end? The process of controlling and monitoring the project occurs in continuous fashion throughout the project lifecycle. Monitoring and control begins as soon as the work begins on the project charter and work of several people is coordinated in order to produce a well written charter so that it is accepted by the project stakeholders. â€Å"From Brewer, Jeffrey L.; Dittman, KevinRead MoreProject Management Developing The Process970 Words   |  4 PagesRunning head: PROJECT MANANGEMENT DEVELOPING THE PROCESS 1 Project Management-Developing the Process Natasha Bing Grantham University PROJECT MANANGEMENT DEVELOPING THE PROCESS 2 Abstract Project management consists of primarily development and execution of an arrangement of interconnected activities to ultimately receive one common project goal. When dealing with any typeRead MoreManagement And Project Review Process1361 Words   |  6 PagesGovernance 1) Management and Project Review Process: a) Medical Executive Committee- will commit the time and financial resources necessary to implement and maintain the LACE Index CDS Tool. b) Decision Support Project Steering Committee- responsible for the oversight and direction of the CDS program. Will review the project progress in the areas of cost, quality, and timeline. c) Decision Support Operations Team- responsible for managing the CDS program execution and operates under the directionRead MoreProject Management – the Managerial Process1609 Words   |  7 PagesInitial Planning Name: David T. Browne Instructor: Dr. Penny Wilkins Bus 517: Project Management – The Managerial Process Date: January 29th, 2011 Describe the elements of scope for the project In discussing the elements of scope for the project, we can look at the scope checklist which gives us the ingredients of the scope definition. These elements in the checklist are as follows: project objective, deliverables, milestones, technical requirements, limits and exclusions, andRead MoreBuilding A Project Management Process1948 Words   |  8 Pageskey roles in the project management process. The presence of triple constraint will impact the project process. The relationship between the project scope, cost, and time will determine what changes will be implemented. These factors also impact the quality of the project and the knowledge of this will aid in the decision making process. The initial planning process of a construction project will be examined. A statement of need, goals and objectives, the stakeholders and project requirements, andRead MoreProject Management : Planning And Guiding Project Process1939 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction Project management Project management is a methodical approach to planning and guiding project processes from start to finish. According to the Project Management Institute, the processes are guided through five stages: initiation, planning, executing, controlling, and closing. Project management can be applied to almost any type of project and is widely used to control the complex processes of software development projects (Rouse, 2008). Project procurement Project procurement management is aboutRead MoreOrganizational Portfolio Management Process Project Management1102 Words   |  5 PagesORGANIZATIONAL PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT PROCESS Project Portfolio Management (PPM) is the management of one or more portfolios through evaluation, prioritization, selection, review, execution and monitoring of projects in the portfolio. The goal is to keep the portfolio(s) aligned with the vision, mission and strategic objectives of the organization while effectively and efficiently allocating internal resources to maximize the overall value to the organization. Because UPS has a very open and consensus

Wealthy and Lower Socioeconomic Communities Differences Free Essays

There exists an achievement gap among wealthy and lower socio economic communities. Students who come from schools within lower socioeconomic communities do not often receive the same education or services from wealthier districts. New Jersey has responded to this inequitable situation with the Abbot funding process. We will write a custom essay sample on Wealthy and Lower Socioeconomic Communities Differences or any similar topic only for you Order Now Recently two local communities, Long Branch and Neptune, have been threatened with the loss of their Abbott status; as a result of additional mandates from the federal No Child Left Behind Act, many such schools are being threatened with the loss of their funding if they fail to meet minimum academic achievement standards. To determine the impact of this potential loss, this paper will provide insights into local concerns in Long Branch to identify how this loss would affect the academic achievement gap. This discussion will be followed by a report on two areas where it is believed equity will be lost to the district. In their Abbott vs. Burke decision, the New Jersey Supreme Court mandated additional assistance for the state’s 30 poorest districts, including Long Branch and Neptune (Quinn, 2003). According to an Asbury Park Press survey of enrollment data for Monmouth County found that minorities comprise the majority of the school population in Asbury Park, Red Bank, Neptune, Freehold, Long Branch and Lakewood; of these, the survey found that only Red Bank’s poverty rate does not exceed the state’s rate (Quinn, 2003). Furthermore, fully 20 percent of the Hispanic students in Monmouth County attend the Long Branch school system (Quinn, 2003). If the additional funding promised by the Abbott decision is halted or reduced, all of the low-income communities will undoubtedly experience further declines in the academic performance levels that are already precipitously low in many cases, with the thrust of this reduction in funding creating two fundamental problems: 1) adversely affect literary rates; and 2) further exacerbate the segregation of low-income and minority citizens into pockets of poverty. As to the first issue, Strickland and Alvermann (2004) reviewed the issues concerning the achievement gap in the U. S. and found that literacy demands of the middle grades are exacerbated when the students come from low income and minority homes; in particular, these issues assumed critical levels when the students are members of low-income and minority families. These students are already likely to attend schools characterized by high mobility rates, inadequate resources and facilities, and large numbers of young students with challenging learning needs (Strickland Alvermann, 2004). Comparable trends are also apparent in the State of New Jersey as well. According to Lattimer and Strickland (2004), the results from the Grade Eight Proficiency Assessment (GEPA) from 2000-2002 identified consistent differences in partially proficient, proficient, and advanced proficient between District Factor Groups (DFG’s) and race/ethnicity. In addition, the differences in academic achievement between special needs districts such as Long Branch and non-special needs districts found similar trends to the 2002 GEPA (Lattimer Strickland, 2004). In fact, a 35-percentage point difference existed in the total number of students scoring proficient and advanced proficient in Language Arts Literacy in 2002; the authors point out that the District Factor Group is an indicator of the socioeconomic status of citizens in each district and has been useful for the comparative reporting of test results from New Jersey’s statewide testing programs in the past (Lattimer Strickland, 2004). Concerning the second issue of further segregating low-income and minority citizens into â€Å"pockets of poverty,† the school superintendent for Long Branch reported that although minorities tend to live in segregated communities, this was the result of a â€Å"social trend† rather than segregation; notwithstanding these assertions, though, these high concentration of low-income minority members in their own communities has created â€Å"have† and â€Å"have-not† districts, with the Long Branch district representing one of the hardest-hit in the state (Quinn, 2003). Clearly, if the Abbott funding is halted, parents will be faced with a dual-edged dilemma of being unable to provide their children with an adequate education by virtue of substandard schools while being forced to remain in these low-income districts out of sheer necessity. The people of New Jersey in general and the citizens of these low-income regions deserve the quality education that is their American birthright; unfortunately, the promise has not lived up to its legacy in many of these cities, and Long Branch continues to be threatened with even more academic and social miseries if its Abbott funding is stopped. How to cite Wealthy and Lower Socioeconomic Communities Differences, Papers

Rogue Waves an Example by

Rogue Waves A killer wave, known to mariners as a "rogue wave," was approaching a desolate area of Baja California below Ensenada. It had been born off the east coast of Australia during a violent storm; it had traveled almost 7,000 miles at a speed of 20.83 miles an hour. Driven by an unusual pattern of easterly winds, it was a little over 800 feet in length and measure about 48 feet from the bottom of it trough to its crest. On its passage of the Pacific, it had already killed thirteen people, mostly fishermen in small boats, but also an entire French family of five aboard a 48-foot schooner... Need essay sample on "Rogue Waves" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed - Theodore Taylor, Rogue Wave: And Other Red-Blooded Sea Stories (1996) Students Usually Tell EssayLab professionals:How much do I have to pay someone to write my assignment online?Essay writers advise:Essay Company Professional Essay Writers For Hire Pay Someone To Write Paper Cheapest Essay Writing Service For that matter, the Tamaroa herself, at 205 feet, is not necessarily immune to disaster. One freak wave could roll her over and put eighty men in the water. - Sebastian Junger, The Perfect Storm : A True Story of Men Against the Sea (1997) In February 1933, the U.S. Navy steamship Ramapo was traveling to Manila from San Diego when it experienced a severe storm. Gale-force winds raged for several days, 50-foot swells brewed in the North Pacific. It was in these circumstances that the ship encountered one truly enormous upsurge of water. The officer on watch triangulated the monster wave and calculated its height at 112 feet equivalent to a ten-story building. It is still the biggest wave ever reliably measured. It is called a rogue wave. Rogue waves are monstrous waves of drastically larger dimension than the surrounding swell. They are defined as large amplitude waves whose heights exceed two times the significant wave height of the background sea. (Significant wave height or SWH is defined as the mean of the largest third of waves in a wave record.) According to naval hydrography terminology, waves 15 to 25 feet high are called sneaker waves, and waves100 feet high or over are classified as freak waves or rogue waves. They are likely to occur where a swell encounters a current that is moving in a curved path, or an eddy at it is called (Environmental Literacy Council, 2006, para 2). Rogue waves are also caused by the accidental meeting of two or more relatively smaller waves. Open-ocean swells travel in wave trains and even in the same wave train, individual swell heights can differ. But when wave trains from different storms meet in the open ocean or in areas where there are strong currents, individual waves can combine their energy to form a surprisingly massive wall of water, which is known as a rogue wave. Thus a rogue wave is seen to be originating in a rare confluence of crests (Garrison, 2005, p.239). However, it is not clear how a simple superposition of waves, resulting in constructive interference, can result in waves of such gargantuan size, which moreover seem to occur not too infrequently. Rogue waves represent a transient ocean phenomenon that usually occurs in the deep interior of the ocean, and plays out on relatively small surface areas in the vast ocean expanse. Though usually associated with storms, sometimes these rogue waves can arise out of nowhere in only mildly agitated ocean waters and disappear just as quickly, usually creating havoc if some ships happen to be traversing in their path. Even huge and robust vessels are known to be no match to the fury of ocean as manifest in rogue waves. Though mariners have always been aware of the 'freak' wave phenomenon, owing to lack of any reliable empirical data, these waves could not be predicted or quantified, and so could not be taken into account during the design process of a ship (Rawson & Tupper, 2001, p. 174) New ships are designed on the basis of previously successful models which have withstood very abnormal conditions, but most vessels that are built even today are simply not designed to weather the assault of a colossal rogue wave. Rogue waves have for long remained the dreaded stuff of legends. Until well into the twentieth century, there was only sparse anecdotal evidence for these towering infernos of the sea, and scientists tended to classify the tales surrounding the monstrous waves as sea mythology that dealt with sea monsters, mermaids and so on. It was generally known that in any wave system, after a long enough time, an exceptionally high wave would occur. Nevertheless statistical models of sea states which have been used to predict the occurrence of extreme waves either concluded that waves over a hundred feet to be either a physical impossibility or as something which could occur only once in a thousand years (Schober, 2004, p.194). However, several instances of hard evidence, improved mathematical theory, and satellite survey data in the more recent times have all now converged to prove the existence of the monstrous waves beyond a tinge of doubt. Nowadays they are acknowledged to be a natural pheno menon of the ocean, just as tsunamis and mega-tsunamis are, though their causes and characteristics are different. The freak waves are no longer regarded as freaks really. Even so, the rogue waves are considered very rare, and rather elusive; improbable but still possible.. Rogue waves are definitely anomalous events in the sense that they fall outside the distribution of wave heights predicted by orthodox wave theory. Yet they are no longer thought of as unexplained quirks of nature, though scientists still very much a lack an adequate understanding of them, especially of their underlying causes. Scientific and mathematical advances in the recent years and decades, however, have led oceanographers to calculate their probability of occurrence, with the help by extensive wave data from buoys, ships and satellites. It is still not possible to predict their exact time of occurrence, though. Mathematical models are now able to predict where they are likely to form in general, although the exact location cannot be pinpointed. The problem with understanding the rogue wave phenomenon is the highly complex non-linear mathematics that underpins it. The occurrence of rogue waves takes place in what is mathematically called a chaotic regime. According to the newly emerging science of chaos, some small perturbation in local conditions could crescendo into a disproportionately huge effect. But rogue waves are gradually becoming more understood. The Benjamin-Feir instability and nonlinear focusing have been proposed as a mechanism for the generation of rouge waves in deep water. Also, certain homoclinic solutions of the nonlinear Schrodinger (NLS) equation have been observed to exhibit many of the properties of rogue waves in deep water (Schober, 2003, p.735). A deeper understanding of the mechanism by which rogue waves are formed is likely to help us narrow down our predictions about them, and thus save many lives. More extensive studies and investigations into rogue waves are not only essential for a better theoretical understanding of the dynamics of ocean but also to avoid a good deal of the huge losses to life and property that routinely occur in the seas. On average, it is estimated that approximately two large ships sink at sea every week and rogue waves have been the purported cause behind a fair number of these sinkings. Though there may certainly be other causes behind the many mysterious ship losses, scientific analysis of the wrecks of ships sunk in recent decades indicates that a significant proportion of them have a damage pattern that seemed to suggest the hand of monster waves which can swell over a hundred feet. The sinking of many a supertanker in the latter part of the twentieth century has also been associated with rogue waves. In addition, there is some evidence that average wave heights are slowly rising and that freak waves of eighty or ninety feet are becoming more common. This trend is attributed to the intensification of the greenhouse effect which has made storms more frequent and severe. As a consequence, stresses on ships have been increasing along with the need to understand, predict and prepare for these monst ers of the sea. References: Environmental Literacy Council. (2006). Rogue Waves. Retrieved 22 October 2006 Garrison, T. S. (2005). Oceanography: An Invitation to Marine Science. Belmont, CA : Thomson Brooks/Cole Junger, S. (1997). The Perfect Storm : A True Story of Men Against the Sea. p. 194. New York : HarperCollins Publishers Rawson, K. J. Tupper, E. C. (2001) Basic Ship Theory. Oxford : Butterworth-Heinemann Schober, C.M. (2003). Nonlinear Focusing and Rogue Waves in Deep Water. In, Mathematical and Numerical Aspects of Wave Propagation Waves, ed. P. Neittaanmaki, G. C. Cohen. New York : Springer-Verlag Schober, C.M. (2004). Rogue Waves and the Benjamin-Feir Instability. In, Dynamics And Bifurcation Of Patterns In Dissipative Systems, ed. G. Dangelmayr, I. Oprea. Danvers, MA : World Scientific Publishing Co. Taylor, T. (1996). Rogue Wave: And Other Red-Blooded Sea Stories. p.3. Orlando, FL : Harcourt Brace & Company

Biography Of Genghis Khan Essays - Genghis Khan, Western Xia

Biography Of Genghis Khan Essays - Genghis Khan, Western Xia Biography of Genghis Khan The old world had many great leaders. Alexander the Great, Hannibal and even Julius Caesar met with struggle on their rise to power. Perhaps Genghis Khan was the most significant of all these rulers. To prove that Genghis Khan was the greatest ruler, we must go back to the very beginning of his existence. We must examine such issues as; Genghis?s struggle for power/how his life as a child would affect his rule, his personal and military achievements and his conquests. Genghis Khan was originally born as Temujin in 1167. He showed early promise as a leader and a fighter. By 1206, an assembly of Mongolian chieftains proclaimed him Genghis Khan. Which meant Universal or invincible prince. This was a bold move for the assembly. They obviously saw some leadership qualities in Genghis that others didn?t. When Genghis Khan was little, his chieftain father poisoned. With no leader left, the tribe abandoned Genghis and his mother. They were left alone for many years to care for themselves. Throughout these years, his family met many hardships such as shortage of food and shortage of money. Though unable to read, Genghis was a very wise man. His mother told him at a very early age the importance of trust and independence. "Remember, you have no companions but your shadow" Grolier Encyclopedia. (1995) CD ROM This quote was to mean to Genghis, don?t put to much trust in anyone, trust no one but yourself and if you must go your own way then do so. In 1206, Genghis Khan proclaimed the ruler of Mongolia. Genghis was a very respected leader. Like other leaders he knew what his people wanted. They want everything that is good and nothing that is bad. Genghis knew he could not promise this so instead he pledged to share both the sweet and the bitter of life. Genghis did not want to end up being poisoned like his father so instead he made alliances, and attacked anyone who posed a serious threat. Through this method of leadership, Genghis?s army grew to the point where they were unbeatable. Genghis contributed alot of items to the chinese and even western civilizations. Perhaps his greatest contribution was a code of laws that he declared. Since Genghis couldn?t read or write, these law were documented by one of his followers. His laws were carried on by people though the many generations to the point of still being in use today. Either as a modification of Genghis?s laws or as Genghis had declared them. Genghis Khan promoted the growth of trade between China and Europe. This allowed him to gain essential supplies such as food, weapons and other essential survival materials. Genghis also invented a system similar to the pony express. It was a system in which the horse and rider could silently communicate, a system that is still in use today. Perhaps the greatest gift ever given by Genghis Khan was the gift of language. Genghis was the first ruler to develop a Mongolian language. Genghis Khan was also a military and strategic genius. He structured his army in a unique and interesting fashion. He integrated soldiers from different tribes into one powerful fighting force. This was a brilliant idea. Not only could he have diversity and people who specialize in certain aspects of warfare, but it also inspired loyalty to the mongolian army as a whole rather than to a specific group of people. Genghis used harsh training and strict discipline to create a superior fighting force, he also insured that everyone of his soldiers was well equipped and could easily adopted new warfare tactics. His soldiers were always learning. Whether it be a new tactic Genghis had invented or a new weapon He decided the army would use, his soldiers were coneztly learning. Genghis inspired loyalty by a unique way of promotion. Genghis felt that the best way to gain a loyal following was to promote people on the basis of achievement and not within the family. This did not only inspire a great deal of loyalty but it also made his army better and actually raised the morale of his soldiers. Every soldier gave their life to

The Logic Behind -logic and -logical

The Logic Behind -logic and -logical The Logic Behind â€Å"-logic† and â€Å"-logical† The Logic Behind â€Å"-logic† and â€Å"-logical† By Mark Nichol Why does the English language allow one to select between, say, biologic and biological, neurologic and neurological, and technologic and technological? Why complicate our language lives with the choice? Is the universe malicious? According to one study, the suffix -ic is preferred over the variant -ical by a ratio of 8 to 1. Curiously, however, when -log precedes the suffix, the ratio is reversed. (In another example of this phenomenon, called potentiation, -ness is much more common than -ity except when the suffix is preceded by able.) But that doesn’t answer my questions. For the most part, the choice seems to be personal or institutional preference, because there’s usually no distinction no logic, for example, to selection of -logic or -logical. For example, the style guide of the American Academy of Neurology prefers the shorter form, but in other contexts, neurological prevails. One researcher points out that, as you might have guessed, -ic (from the Greek suffix -ikos) was the original suffix; -ical, formed by adding the French suffix -al, came later. For the most part, usage organically caused a divergence, so that, for example, a historic occasion is memorable, whereas a historical occasion is one that merely occurred. For another example, economic refers to economics, while economical is used more generally to refer to the quality of economy. In this case, as with some others, the former can mean the same thing as the latter but seldom does. Comic and comical, and geometric and geometrical, are two of the many other sister terms with both (occasionally) identical and (usually) distinctly different meanings. Sometimes, one form predominates for obvious reasons (fanatical, for example, developed in favor of fanatic because the original form came to be applied as a noun), but in other cases, the variation for reasons seldom clear triumphs (botanical versus botanic, for example.) So, which form should you use in a given context? The dictionary is helpful for most -ic/-ical debates, but the -logic/-logical (and -logous!) issue is an outlier. In such cases, consult an authoritative source. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Spelling category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Has vs. Had8 Proofreading Tips And TechniquesI wish I were...

Budgets Cuts and Nursing Staffing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Budgets Cuts and Nursing Staffing - Essay Example It shall discuss the economic crisis and budget cuts in terms of their ability to impact negatively in the general health care delivery of patients and of hospitals. Discussion Due to the protracted and still lingering economic crisis, legislators and other administrators have implemented budget cuts in the health care sector. These budget cuts have affected all aspects of health delivery, from staffing ratios, salaries of staff, to the purchase of equipment and hospital supplies. In terms of nursing staff, budget cuts have translated to fewer nurses being hired and lower pay for nurses hired; it also translates to nurses caring for an overwhelming number of patients – more than they can safely and adequately care for. The application of financial management the resolution of the health care issue in this case has gone through the stages of planning, controlling, organizing, and finally decision-making (Baker and Baker, 2011). It is unfortunate to note how the health financing process has resulted to budget cuts in health care and in this case, in the nursing profession. Inadequate nursing staff caring for an overwhelming number of patients is one of the major contributory factors to nursing burnout, and such burnout often leads to medical errors in the practice. There seems to be an agreed consensus on the relationship between nurse staffing and improved patient outcomes. In other words, with higher patient staffing levels, better patient outcomes seem to be more apparent (Garrett, 2008). The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality sets forth that nursing burnout can often compromise health care services. Chronic fatigue, as well as limited sleep and lack of rested sleep are common issues among nurses and other health personnel. In the documented case of Julie Thao, accounts reveal that she worked two 16 hour shifts back to back and at one point fell asleep at a hospital cot. Upon awaking, she administered the wrong medicine to a patient. Unfortunate ly, this led to her patient’s death (Garrett, 2008). She pled no contest to criminal neglect and was sent to jail for such neglect. Human errors impacts significantly on medical care (Kane, et.al., 2007). Not many studies have been carried out on the relationship of fatigue and on the decreased quality of health care. Studies in other fields of practice however exemplify how fatigue can slow down reaction time, how it can cause omissions, reduce problem solving ability, decrease motivation, and reduce a worker’s energy for assigned tasks (Garrett, 2008). Fatigue has been seen as the cause of errors in construction workplaces, oil fields, and even on airplanes (due to sleeping or exhausted traffic controllers). It is not therefore a far-fetched idea for such fatigue to translate to medical errors. Even if studies on this issue are limited, such errors have been accepted as possible eventualities by overworked medical and nursing practitioners themselves. Budget cuts in nursing cause fewer nurses to be hired. This means shortage of staff to fill in patient needs in the hospitals. In order to resolve this problem, hospital administrators are often prompted to impose mandatory overtime among their employees. Such overtime is often required during unplanned and emergency procedures in the clinical setting (Buerhaus, et.al., 2007). Shift changes which do not yield available relief nurses